Kukuphi ukutya okunokubangela i-botulism?

Kukuphi ukutya okunokuthi kubangele i-botulism? Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kufuneka uqonde ukuba kuthetha ukuthini i-botulism, kutheni iyenzeka, zeziphi iimpawu ze-botulism kunye nendlela yokuphepha isifo esiyingozi.

Ngokufutshane malunga ne-botulism

I-Botulism sisifo esosulelayo esenzeka xa i-botulinum ityhefu, ityhefu enamandla yebhayoloji, ingena emzimbeni.

Into enetyhefu iveliswa yiClostridium botulinum, i-microorganisms ixhaphake kwindawo.

I-Clostridia inokufumaneka emhlabeni, izityalo ezibolayo kunye nezilwanyana. Ii-Microorganisms zenza i-spores ezinzile, ezifikelela kwinqanaba elithile aziyingozi kubantu. Ukuze ibhaktheriya ivelise into eyityhefu, le miqathango ilandelayo kufuneka ifezekiswe.

Iimeko zokukhupha i-toxin:

1. Ukungabikho komoya.
2. Ubushushu be-ambient bungaphakathi kwe-26-32 degrees.
3. Inqanaba elithile le-asidi.

Ukuba enye yeemeko ayifezekanga, i-spores ayikwazi ukujika ibe yifom yezityalo kwaye iqale ukuvelisa ubuthi obuyingozi. I-Botulism spores ayibulawa ngokukhenkceza, unyango olungaphezulu kunye nee-agent zokucoca, ukubilisa ngaphantsi kweeyure ze-4, okanye ukuvezwa kwimisebe ye-ultraviolet. Ngaphandle kokusasazeka kweClostridium botulinum kwindalo, isifo se-botulism sifunyaniswa kunqabile.

Ukutya okubangela i-botulism

Bambalwa abantu abacinga ngayo, kodwa ukutya okusemathinini, iimveliso zasekhaya, inyama kunye neentlanzi eziqhelekileyo kwitafile yethu zinokuba yingozi empilweni. Ukulungiswa okungafanelekanga kunye nokugcinwa kokutya kubangela ukutyhefa okukrakra kokutya okunokwenzakalisa umzimba. Ukuze uzikhusele wena kunye nabo ubathandayo ekunxileni, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba zeziphi ukutya okuhlala kubangela i-botulism.

Botulism kwi amakhowa

Amakhowa athatha indawo yokuqala phakathi kwetyhefu ye-botulinum. Izipho zehlathi ziqulethe inani elikhulu le-clostridia, i-spores apho kwiimbiza ezitywiniweyo ziqala ukuvelisa i-toxin.

Xa usitya iimveliso ze-mushroom eziveliswa kumashishini akhethekileyo, umngcipheko wokufumana i-botulism uphantsi kakhulu.

Amakhowa enziwe ekhaya, ngokuchaseneyo, abeka ingozi enkulu ebantwini.

Indlela yokuphepha i-botulism amakhowa:

• Izipho zehlathi kufuneka zihlanjululwe ngosuku olufanayo ziqokelelwa, zihlambulule ngokucokisekileyo isiqu kunye ne-cap kumhlaba kunye namaqabunga abolileyo.
• Ubilise ama-mushroom ubuncinci iyure, emva kokubilisa, cima amanzi.
• Akufuneki uqokelele amakhowa akhulileyo; umxholo we-microorganisms ezinobungozi kuwo udlula kakhulu isiqhelo.
• Kuvinjelwe ngokungqongqo ukuthenga amakhowa asemathinini kwiimarike ezivela kubahwebi abangaqhelekanga.
• Iingqayi ezidumbileyo zamakhowa atyunjiweyo kufuneka zilahlwe kwangoko.

Ukuze uzikhusele kwi-fungal botulism, oogqirha batusa ukuba ugweme ngokupheleleyo ukutya amakhowa asemathinini. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, yitya kuphela ii-twist zakho ezilungiswe kakuhle kwaye zigcinwe kwindawo epholileyo.

Botulism kwiintlanzi

Iyeza laseRashiya laqhelana ne-botulism ngenxa yeentlanzi. Ithuba lokufumana i-botulism xa kutyiwa iimveliso zeentlanzi kunokuncitshiswa ngokulandela nje imithetho elula.

Izilumkiso:

1. Kuphela intlanzi entsha okanye ebandayo kufuneka igalelwe ityuwa. Imveliso egcinwe kwindawo yokushisa ixesha elide inokuthi iqulethe i-microorganisms ezinobungozi.
2. Intlanzi kufuneka igcinwe kwisisombululo se-saline ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-3.
3. Kuphela imveliso entsha ifanele ukutshaya kunye nokomiswa; izinto ezibolileyo ezikrwada ziyingozi empilweni.

Intlanzi enkonkxiweyo nayo inokubangela i-botulism. Xa uthenga i-salmon epinki okanye i-mackerel kwiitoti zentsimbi, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kwingqibelelo yesitya - iziqulatho zeetoti ezinamazinyo kunye nezidumbileyo ziyingozi empilweni. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokunxila kweemveliso zeentlanzi kwiwebhusayithi yethu apha.

Botulism kwinyama

Inyama eqhotsiweyo kakubi, i-sausage yegazi kunye nezinye iimveliso eziphekwe ekhaya zihlala zibangela ukuxiliswa komzimba. Inyama enkonkxiweyo kwipakethe yamashishini ikhuselekile ebantwini xa kuthelekiswa neyenziwe ekhaya.

Kwinkqubo yokwenza inyama edibeneyo, i-microbial spores ibulawa ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu, okungenakufezekiswa ekhaya. Ukutya okusemathinini okuvuliwe kufuneka kugcinwe efrijini ngaphandle kosuku.

I-Botulism kwiikomkom ezikhethiweyo

Kwindawo yesibini emva kwetyhefu ye-mushroom ukuxiliswa ngamakhukhamba akhethiweyo. Amakhukhamba asemathinini adala indawo efanelekileyo yobomi be-clostridia, evelisa ubuthi obuyingozi.

Ukuphulwa kweteknoloji ye-canning kunokubangela ukugula okukhulu.

Amanyathelo othintelo:

• Lungiselela imifuno ebusika, eqokelelwe kwintsimi yakho yegadi.
• Ngethuba lenkqubo yokukhula, gubungela umhlaba phantsi kwezityalo ngengubo ekhethekileyo.
• Awukwazi ukufaka iikomkomere ezibolileyo nezimdaka kwiingqayi.
• Izikhongozeli zeglasi kunye neziciko kufuneka zicolwe.
• Izinto ezisele zilungile zingagcinwa kwindawo epholileyo ungadlulanga unyaka.
• Iingqayi ezineziciko eziphakanyisiweyo kunye ne-brine enamafu kufuneka zilahlwe.

Esona sizathu sixhaphakileyo sokumoshakala kwamakhukhamba acoliweyo yimathiriyeli ekrwada ekumgangatho ophantsi.

Kukuphi okunye ukutya okunokubangela ukunxila? I-Jam, i-salads yemifuno, i-jams yeziqhamo, oko kukuthi, yonke into ehlanganiswe kwisitya esingenawo umoya ngaphandle kokuthobela imithetho kunye nemimiselo yokugoqa.

Iindlela zokuthintela i-botulism

Kunokwenzeka ukuba uphephe ityhefu ye-botulinum; kwanele ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko xa unkonkxa imifuno kunye neziqhamo ekhaya.

Iindlela zokuthintela:

1. Khetha ngononophelo iimveliso zokulungiselela ikhaya; kungcono ukulahla iziqhamo ezibangela ukukrokrela.
2. Musa ukutya amakhowa kunye nemifuno enkonkxiweyo kunye ne-brine enamafu kunye nesivalo esidumbileyo.
3. Kucetyiswa ukuba ubhale umhla wokwenziwa kwemveliso kwingqayi.
4. Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukunkonkxa, izandla zakho kunye nendawo yokusebenza yetafile kufuneka ihlanjwe kakuhle, kwaye iingqayi kufuneka zihlanjululwe.
5. Musa ukuthenga iimveliso zasekhaya ezandleni zakho kwiimarike.
6. Amathini eentlanzi ezinkonkxiweyo kunye nenyama kufuneka athwale umhla wokwenziwa, ulwazi malunga nomenzi kunye nokubunjwa kwemveliso. (ityhefu yokutya okunkonkxiweyo)

Iziphumo ze-botulism

Unyango olungalindelekanga lwe-botulism lunokubangela inani leengxaki.

Iziphumo zesi sifo:

• Ityhefu ye<em>botulinum ivala iimpembelelo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo yaye ibangela ukukhubazeka.
• Ukungasebenzi kwezitho ezibonakalayo: umbono ophindwe kabini, ukubonakala kwenkungu kunye namabala phambi kwamehlo, i-strabismus.
• Ukonakaliswa kwenkqubo yemoto: umzimba wesigulane uya kuba nzima, kunzima ukuba abambe intloko yakhe ngokuthe tye.
• Ukubonakala kweengxaki ngomsebenzi wokuphefumula kunye nokugwinya: ixhoba lingenakukwazi ukuginya ukutya, ukuphefumla kuba nzulu kwaye rhoqo.
• I-Gastroenteric syndrome: isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ilindle elixegayo.

Uncedo lokuqala lwangexesha kunye nonyango olongezelelweyo esibhedlele phantsi kweliso loogqirha kuya kunceda ukuphepha iziphumo ezibi kakhulu zokuxiliswa.

Ukuzikhusela wena kunye nosapho lwakho kwi-botulism, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iimveliso ezibangela ubuthi betyhefu ye-botulinum kunye nendlela yokulondoloza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcina amalungiselelo enziwe ekhaya.

Ividiyo: kukuphi ukutya okuqulethe i-botulism?